| Sensor Target Type | Specificity | Sensor Name |
Sensor Type |
Analysis Technique | IV Properties | Organism | Binding Protein | Fluorophore | PIs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolites |
PtdIns3P |
GFP–p40phox iPX |
Stephens LR | ||||||
| Enzyme Activity (Non-Kinase) |
histone H4 lysine acetylation |
Histac (K5, K7) |
FRET-based biosensors | CFP, YFP(venus) | Yoshida M | ||||
| Kinase Activity |
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) |
Miu2 |
FRET-based biosensors | HeLa cells | CFP, YFP | Matsuda M | |||
| Metabolites |
cAMP |
FP-PKARII/FP-PKAcat |
FRET-based biosensors | eBFP and GFP or CFP and YFP | Pozzan T, Pozzan T | ||||
| Protein Activation and Conformation |
M(1) muscarinic receptor (M(1)R) activation |
M1R-YFP-CFP |
FRET-based biosensors | fluorescence microscopy | tsA-201 cells | eCFP, eYFP | Hille B | ||
| Kinase Activity |
Glucokinase |
mCerulean-GCK-mVenus |
FRET-based biosensors | confocal flourescence microscopy | BTC3 cells | YFP | Rizzo MA | ||
| Metabolites |
cAMP |
CFP–Epac–YFP |
FRET-based biosensors | fluorescence microscopy | highly sensitive cAMP indicator, Kd of 2.3 µM | human A431 cells, Rat-1 and NIH3T3 fibroblasts, mouse GE11 epithelial cells, mouse N1E-115 neuroblastoma, human MCF7 breast carcinoma cells | cAMP binding | CFP, YFP | Jalink K |
| Protein Activation and Conformation |
MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2 conformation |
GMB |
FRET-based biosensors | HEK293 cells, Swiss 3T3 cells | eCFP, eBFP | Gaestel M | |||
| Kinase Activity |
Histone H3 phosphorylation |
H3 phosphorylation reporter |
FRET-based biosensors | inverted epiflourescence microscopy | HeLa cells | CFP, YFP | Ting AY | ||
| Metabolites |
PtdIns(4,5)P2 |
CAY |
FRET-based biosensors | Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts | Allen PG | ||||
| Enzyme Activity (Non-Kinase) |
histone H4 lysine acetylation |
Histac-K12 (K12) |
FRET-based biosensors | confocal microscopy | COS7 cells | CFP, YFP(venus) | Yoshida M | ||
| Metabolites |
cAMP |
ICUEs |
FRET-based biosensors | eCFP, Citrine | Zhang J, Zhang J, Lefkowitz RJ | ||||
| Protein Activation and Conformation |
PKB conformation |
GFP-PKB-RFP |
FRET-based biosensors | NIH 3T3 | eGFP , RFP | Larijani B | |||
| Kinase Activity |
Insulin Receptor |
Phocus |
FRET-based biosensors | Immunofluorescence microscopy | CHO-IR cells | eCFP, eYFP | Umezawa Y | ||
| FRET-based biosensors |
PtdIns(4,5)P2 |
Pippi-PI(4,5)P2 |
FRET-based biosensors | MDCK cells | Matsuda M | ||||
| Enzyme Activity (Non-Kinase) |
histone lysine methylation |
K9 reporter |
FRET-based biosensors | MEF cells | CFP, YFP | Ting AY | |||
| Metabolites |
cAMP |
Epac-camps |
FRET-based biosensors | spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy | sensitive cAMP indicators | Sf9 cells, CHO-A2B, TsA201, HEK293, COS-7 cells | cAMP binding | eCFP, eYFP | Lohse MJ |
| Protein Activation and Conformation |
Rho family GTPase activation |
Raichu-Rap1 |
FRET-based biosensors | Matsuda M, Matsuda M | |||||
| Kinase Activity |
Insulin Receptor |
Phocus-2pp |
FRET-based biosensors | CHO-IR cells | eCFP, eYFP | Umezawa Y | |||
| Enzyme Activity (Non-Kinase) |
histone lysine methylation |
K27 reporter |
FRET-based biosensors | Ting AY | |||||
| Metabolites |
cAMP |
PKA-camps |
FRET-based biosensors | spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy | sensitive cAMP indicators | Sf9 cells, CHO-A2B, TsA201, HEK293, COS-7 cells | cAMP binding | eCFP, eYFP | Lohse MJ |
| Protein Activation and Conformation |
Rho family GTPase activation |
Raichu-Rap1 |
FRET-based biosensors | Matsuda M, Matsuda M | |||||
| Ions |
pH |
CFP-YFP tandem |
FRET-based biosensors | Schaefer M | |||||
| Kinase Activity |
MK2 |
GFP-MK2-BFP |
FRET-based biosensors | HEK-293, Swiss 3T3 cells | eGFP , eBFP | Gaestel M | |||
| Enzyme Activity (Non-Kinase) |
O-GlcNAc transferase |
O-GlcNAc sensor |
FRET-based biosensors | HeLa cells | eCFP, Venus | Mahal LK |